Free Essays on The Odd Sea

In The Odd Sea, Fredrick Reiken proposes that in one’s home one can remain in a condition of blamelessness. In the novel, the storyteller and primary character, Philip, searches to locate his more established sibling Ethan who has vanished. During Philip’s scan for Ethan, the family has a go at adapting to the misfortune. With an end goal to adapt to Ethan’s vanishing, Philip’s mother starts to go through her evenings preparing and perusing books in the kitchen. Philip depicts his mom as being â€Å"withdrawn and fundamentally unresponsive† (53). Philip’s father had started constructing wood outline lodges as his own specific manner of adapting to Ethan’s vanishing. Philip’s most seasoned sister Amy had gotten inaccessible from the family while filling in as a paralegal and looking out for a few graduate school applications. Halley, Philip’s other sister, started helping her dad fabricate wood outline lodges and appeared to manage Ethan’s vanishing fine. Philip’s most youthful sister Dana, fanatically shot free tosses as her own particular manner to adapt to Ethan’s vanishing. Philip started to write in a diary like how his sibling had written in a diary. Composing became Philip’s method of adapting to his brother’s vanishing. In the novel Plainfield is the place Philip’s guiltlessness and his encounters falsehood and he can remain in a condition of blamelessness in Plainfield. Philip’s lumber outline lodge is an image of his honesty and furthermore represents Philip’s relationship with his sibling Ethan.... Free Essays on The Odd Sea Free Essays on The Odd Sea In The Odd Sea, Fredrick Reiken recommends that in one’s home one can remain in a condition of honesty. In the novel, the storyteller and principle character, Philip, searches to locate his more established sibling Ethan who has vanished. During Philip’s scan for Ethan, the family has a go at adapting to the misfortune. With an end goal to adapt to Ethan’s vanishing, Philip’s mother starts to go through her evenings preparing and perusing books in the kitchen. Philip portrays his mom as being â€Å"withdrawn and essentially unresponsive† (53). Philip’s father had started assembling wood outline lodges as his own specific manner of adapting to Ethan’s vanishing. Philip’s most seasoned sister Amy had gotten removed from the family while filling in as a paralegal and looking out for a few graduate school applications. Halley, Philip’s other sister, started helping her dad assemble lumber outline lodges and appeared to manage Ethan’s vanishing fine. Philip’s most youthful sister Dana, fanatically shot free tosses as her own specific manner to adapt to Ethan’s vanishing. Philip started to write in a diary like how his sibling had written in a diary. Composing became Philip’s method of adapting to his brother’s vanishing. In the novel Plainfield is the place Philip’s honesty and his encounters falsehood and he can remain in a condition of guiltlessness in Plainfield. Philip’s lumber outline lodge is an image of his honesty and furthermore represents Philip’s relationship with his sibling Ethan....

The purpose of the experiment is to test the effect of increased temperature on the permeability of beetroot cell membran Essay Example

The motivation behind the test is to test the impact of expanded temperature on the penetrability of beetroot cell membran Essay Foundation data The cell layer encompasses every single living thing and is mostly penetrable in order to fill in as a limit among cell and condition and control substances that are permitted all through the cell. Cell films are comprised of phospholipids, sugars and proteins.The phospholipids are organized in a manner that their polar hydrophilic (water drawing in) phosphate heads face outwards and their non-polar (hydrophobic) unsaturated fat tails face inwards. The phospholipids are orchestrated in a bi-layer. The hydrophobic layers go about as a boundary to some molecules.There are likewise different particles which are indented into the phospholipids, for example, Proteins. Proteins are tertiary structures made up of looped and collapsed strings of amino acids which are solid and held set up by peptide bonds. Proteins are answerable for the majority of the cells properties and a few proteins are engaged with shipping substances over the layer while others are associated with kee ping up the cells shape. Anyway at exceptionally high temperatures the ties holding the . break and in this way the proteins lose their structure and solidness. This expands the pigmentation released.In the phones of a beetroot plant, a substance called betalins is found in the layer vacuoles, which gives beetroot its red shading. Regularly the shades can't go through the films however at higher temperatures the cell gets harmed and the betalins will seep from the cells. I will research the shade lost at various temperatures.Hypothesis-an expansion in temperature will prompt more harm to the cell films, which will build their penetrability, and subsequently permit a greater amount of the color to be released.Expected result-the accompanying temperatures will be utilized to gauge the sponginess, 0C, 10C, 20C, 30C, 40C, 50C, 60C, 70C. as utilizing any higher or lower may occupy to much time in getting to the necessary temperature. anticipate that the chart for the outcomes should look as follows::increasing the temperature will make the halfway penetrable layer of the Beetroot become harmed thus it will be less inflexible. Additionally I anticipate that after 40C the proteins in the cell film will begin to denature as they will arrive at the ideal temperature. This will expand the penetrability permitting more shading to be discharged. I foresee that when I test a modest quantity of the water which contained the beetroot in the colorimeter, the higher the temperature of the water the higher the perusing will be on the colorimeter as less light will pass through.Apparatus-The accompanying mechanical assembly will be required in the investigation;Raw beetroot Preferably a similar sort and size of beetroot will be expected to make the examination reasonable and more reliableSize 4 plug borer to get the beetroot pieces as it will empower me to have pieces and sweep of a similar estimate and guarantee that the dependant factors are kept the same.White tile cut down o n to this with the blade so I don't harm the work area or hazard harming my handKnife to quantify cut the beetroot into 1cm length slices.Ruler to gauge and the beetroot into 1cm length slices.Water showers I will likewise require a bunsen burner to warm the water. I feel a bunsen burner is a superior alternative to use than a pot as I can get it to the necessary temperature all the more effectively and furthermore on the grounds that the pot would have more polluting influences, while I can wash the measuring glass before hand.Plastic recepticle. A measuring glass will at that point be expected to put the water when it is being warmed. I will utilize a 250ml measuring utencil as I can get all the water in as opposed to including all the more each time.2 bubbling cylinder racks2 test tube racks which I can put the cylinders in.Crushed ice I will require ice for temperatures underneath the room temperature.Boiling tubes I will at that point need to get 8 test tubes and rather than li ttle recepticle as I can put the cylinders in a rack so there are increasingly steady and furthermore with the goal that less space is taken up in the work area as the container is widerThermometer I will likewise need to utilize a 0-90 thermometer to take readings of the temperature. I will utilize a 0-90 C thermometer as the temperatures I need are underneath this thus there is no point utilizing a bigger one. Additionally it will be simpler to peruse with a littler scope. Ice will likewise be expected to get the temperatures lower than room temperatureColorimeter Colorimeters are valuable instruments for acquiring quantitative information by following responses that include an adjustment in shading or haziness. They remove the mystery from coordinating hues or end focuses in tests. Connecting the colorimeter to a datalogger permits you to see the improvement of the response, and to make a perpetual record of the entire analysis. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Datalogging is an augmentation of typic al logical enquiry techniques.1 Datalogging improves the legitimacy of the data2 Datalogging evacuates the requirement for significant stretches of dull information recording Transmission is certifiably not a straight scale, and is ordinarily utilized when you are:㠯⠿â ½following a pattern in the reaction㠯⠿â ½following a response where the groupings of the items making the colourchange are unknown.As the transmission scale isn't straight, it isn't straightforwardly identified with the centralization of thechemicals in an answer that make a shading change.Absorbance is a direct scale. It tends to be utilized when you are:㠯⠿â ½calibrating the shading change to a realized fixation esteem, for instance discovering theconcentration of sugar in a sample.Cuvettes I will utilize a curvette to place the arrangements in; I will put 2cm in each curvette utilizing a 2cm pipette with the goal that every ha a similar volume thus it is unquestionably increasingly dependable to look at the outcomes. When utilizing the shading meter I will gauge the receptiveness of the refined water and afterward contrast this with the distinctive beetroot focuses. I will at that point need to gauge the arrangements against a colorimeter I will utilize a colorimeter as opposed to an outline as the sensor is delicate to light and is similarly situated constantly which will give undeniably more exact estimations of permeableness than deciphering utilizing a scale. Cuvettes are intended to be optically indistinguishable from one another. Many have a little imprint on them so you can ensure similar countenances are constantly agreed with the light source and sensor. On the off chance that there is no markalready present, you can include a little imprint at the highest point of the cuvette, where it doesnot meddle with the entry of light through the test solution.Stopclock A stopwatch will likewise be required to quantify the ideal opportunity for each investigation, so I get a reasonable and progressively exact time for each, rather than depending on a watch or clock.Distilled water I will utilize refined Water, as this will guarantee an increasingly precise outcome as ordinary faucet water has synthetic compounds included which can influence the experiment.Pipette For moving the water in to an estimating chamber a 5cm pipette will be utilized as the measuring glass could be hot to hold and move the water. Additionally I can get progressively exact estimations with the pipette. I will move the water into a 50ml estimating chamber as I may not get precisely 5cm each time in the pipette thus estimating it before would be more accurate.Small estimating cylindersforceps while moving the beetroot in to the water so the beetroot doesn't come into contact with the skin thus that I don't automatically influence the porousness of the phone membrane.500ml recepticle so the measuring utencil with the refined water can be put in this.tripod and a check to put the co ntainer on while it is getting warmed, so immediate warmth doesn't interact with the glass, as it could get very hot.heatproof tangle should be set under this to keep the Bunsen burner on something safe and furthermore so it stays stable and there is less danger of it falling over.goggles and a research facility coat consistently to guarantee security and decrease the danger of any mishaps. Additionally to decrease recoloring as the beetroot juiceMethod-start by wearing a research facility coat and goggles consistently to guarantee security to the eye body. at that point wash my hands so that in the event that they have any substances they don't influence my test by coming into contact with the beetroot or water. at that point get all the hardware required for the examination with the goal that the technique is efficient and I don't need to search for things in the middle of the experiment.using a stopper borer and pushing down onto a white tile cut out 8 round and hollow circles of beetroot. Next I will quantify 1cm length of beetroots and cut out 8 pieces utilizing the blade and chopping down onto a white tile. I will at that point get 8 test tubes for all the various temperatures and wash and dry the cylinders so no substance stays as this could influence the outcomes. At that point I will put the cylinders in a test tube rack so they are on a level surface thus it is anything but difficult to move the perfect measure of fluid. Utilizing a size 4 stopper borer and a blade, ruler and white tile to assistant me I will cut 8 indistinguishable bits of beetroot which are 1cm long. I will utilize a similar measurement corer and slice all the beetroots to a similar length with the goal that the surface zone of every beetroot is comparable and that the dependant variable is kept the equivalent. I will at that point utilizing tongs to put the beetroot pieces in a measuring utencil of refined water and leave for the time being with the goal that overabundance color i s washed away. Since the beetroot has been cut piece of the cell layers will be broken and subsequently the abundance dyewill spill out. By leaving them short-term it will guarantee that the outcomes are reliable.I will get the typical refined water which will be at room temperature at about 34C and spot it in a container. I will at that point add ice to a bigger recepticle and spot the water measuring utencil in this. I will work by beginning with the 30C and afterward working down to 0C, including more ice if necessary. I have chosen to do the examination along these lines with the goal that I can get the necessary temperature the most rapidly (from room temp) so I don't need to stand by excessively long. For

HIV Positive Authors to Read for World AIDS Day

HIV Positive Authors to Read for World AIDS Day World AIDS Day is held annually on December 1st. It’s a day for all to unite in the fight against HIV/AIDS, support those living with it, and remember all who have died. This year is thirty years since the first World AIDS Day and the struggle for access to effective treatment continues. The books listed here are all by people who have publicly spoken of their HIV positive status. Whilst not all these books are about HIV/AIDS their authors are a testament to the wide diversity of the HIV/AIDS positive experience. Men, women, and nonbinary people. From many ethnicities and nationalities. LGBTQ+ and cis-het. Some died in their thirties, some are living into old age. There is deep sadness, burning fury, and bold hope.   Nonfiction, Essays and Memoirs about HIV/AIDS The Naked Truth: Young, Beautiful, and (HIV) Positive by Marvelyn Brown (born 1984) The surprisingly hopeful memoir of a very ordinary teenager who contracts HIV. Suddenly finding herself fighting for her life and alienated from her community this is a story of refusing to give up on yourself, even as everyone else does. Queer and Loathing: Rants and Raves of a Raging HIV Clone by David B. Feinberg (1956-1994) Here Feinberg harrowingly documents his experiences of being an activist, living with, and dying of HIV/AIDS. Honest, angry, and important.   Sleep with the Angels by Mary Fisher (born 1948) The founder of Family AIDS Network stunned the world when she came out as HIV positive in a speech at the 1992 Republican National Convention. That speech is one of many included in this collection.   And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and the AIDS Epidemic by Randy Shilts  (1951-1994) This history of HIV in America tells the stories of those who worked to save lives. This all in the face of a wider political, media, and medical atmosphere that was more concerned with image and budget.   Poetry Ceremonies: Prose and Poetry by Essex Hemphill (1957-1995) A collection of provocative commentary on topics including photographs of African-American men, men and feminism, and HIV/AIDS in the Black community. Hemphill is also the editor of Brother to Brother: New Writing by Gay Black Men.   HIV, Mon Amour by Tory Dent (1958-2005) These daring poems by HIV positive poet dare the reader with their profound refusal to look away. Dent’s work has been considered some of the most important literature to come out of the AIDS crisis.   Nobody Ever Said AIDS: Poems and Stories from Southern Africa edited by Nobantu Rasebotsa Forty-two writers come together to show that HIV/AIDS is about more than statistics. Here are the people living, dying, and dealing daily with the disease. Together they tell intimate and honest stories of love, sexuality, stigma, and loss. Don’t Call Us Dead by Danez Smith (19??-present) These poems by nonbinary poet Smith come from a place of too many funerals and not enough miracles. Touching on topics from police brutality towards African Americans to the realities of an HIV diagnosis this is a heartrending collection.   General Nonfiction Same-Sex Unions in Premodern Europe by John Boswell (1947-1994) Theologian and historian Boswell lays out dramatic evidence than in past centuries the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches sanctioned and blessed same-sex unions. Brilliant, if controversial, this is one of the best books I’ve personally read on queerness and Christianity.   General Fiction House of Hunger by Dambudzo Marechera (1952-1987) Short stories describe the brutalisation of life in Zimbabwean Townships. These stories reveal the ways madness, violence, and despair become normal in Black urban areas. Cobra and Maitreya by Severo Sarduy (1937-1993) A compilation of two of Sarduy’s finest novels. Telling of drag queens and gender transition, Tibetan Buddhism and motorcycle gangs, invasion and revolution. These are works of literal and figurative transvestism transcend gender and genre.   The Stone Virgins by Yvonne Vera (1964-2005) This is a novel set deep in the horrors of Zimbabwean civil war. From the perspective of two sisters portraits are painted of life before and after liberation. Portraits of searching for dignity in the face of unimaginable violence.

Essay about Workplace Stress - 1867 Words

Three out of every four American workers describe their work as stressful. According to the Holmes-Rahe Life Events Scale, which rates levels of stress, many of the most stressful events in life are related to the workplace. Some examples are firings, business readjustments and changes in financial status, altered responsibilities, a switch to a different line of work, trouble with the boss, changes in work hours or conditions, retirement and vacations. Workplace stress costs American employers an estimated $200 billion per year in lower productivity, absenteeism, staff turnover, workers compensation, medical insurance and other stress-related expenses. However, stress may not always be a bad thing. It can stimulate creativity and†¦show more content†¦Others fill their days with unproductive busy-work, feeling the stress of knowing they could be more productive. These are caused respectively by two different reasons. An employee with too much work may be afraid to tell his/h er boss because they are afraid their boss may consider them incompetent. Too little work may be the result of an employee that doesnt speak up because he/she doesnt want to become overwhelmed. Either situation could be resolved by better communication. First, the overworked guy should explain to his boss that he may need more time to complete his tasks or fewer tasks. Secondly, the person with too little to do should realize that sooner or later someone is going to notice that they are not doing their job and explain to his boss that he would like to be more challenged. Random interruptions - telephones, walk-in visits, demands from supervisors. Goal setting and time management strategies can increase productivity and alleviate the stressfulness of incomplete projects. Communication isnt just talking to someone, it is other things such as pushing the do not disturb button on a phone or closing the door in your office. These are both ways of communicating that you cannot be disturbed. Pervasive uncertainty Ââ€" Hidden company problems, unsatisfactorily explained and announced change and/or economic fluctuations all affect stress levels and productivity. This is an intentional lack ofShow MoreRelatedWorkplace Stress Among The Employee951 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Stress among the Employee in Insurance sector: A study 1. Introduction Stress is a part of daily living. It is an adaptive response. Stress occurs at the workplace when there is a mismatch between the expectations of the employee and demand of the employer. Stress basically reduces a person’s ability to perform and think differently which is bad for everyRead MoreWorkplace Stress1922 Words   |  8 Pageswork as stressful. According to the Holmes-Rahe Life Events Scale, which rates levels of stress, many of the most stressful events in life are related to the workplace. Some examples are firings, business readjustments and changes in financial status, altered responsibilities, a switch to a different line of work, trouble with the boss, changes in work hours or conditions, retirement and vacations. Workplace stress costs American employers an estimated $200 billion per year in lower productivity, absenteeismRead MoreEssay on Stress in the Workplace2323 Words   |  10 PagesJones Final Paper: Stress in the workplace June 18, 2012 BUS 318: Organizational Business Instructor: Gary Priest Final Paper: Stress in the workplace Organizational behavior is the study of individuals and their behavior within an organized work environment. Many different facets of the business world make up organizational behavior including: motivation, personality, leadership, communication, and so much more. However, I plan to focus on the topic of stress within organizationalRead MoreThe Effects Of Workplace Stress On The Workplace1472 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Work stress is one of the oldest issues in organizational psychology and is considered one of the most severe occupational injuries in modern society† (Chou, Chu, Yeh, Chen, 2014, p. 115). Overcoming this severe issue of workplace stress is an important topic to discuss. It is defined as the events or circumstances that cause strain to an employee, which can result in physical, mental, and emotional consequences (Dextras-Gauthier, Marchand, Haines, 2012; Nà ¤gel, Sonnentag, Kà ¼hnelRead MoreStrategies For Managing Stress At Workplace2123 Words   |  9 PagesDevelopment Studies Strategies For Managing Stress At Workplace Section: A02 Yang Liu 11-12-2016 â€Æ' Abstract In this paper, I expect to discuss factors which lead to stress in the workplace. Are individuals stressed in the workplace? What causes stress in the workplace? Who is mostly stressed: men or women? Are individuals being exposed to stress management techniques? By recognizing stress in the workplace, employers can act appropriately to reduce stress. The outcome can benefit social and familyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Workplace Stress1387 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace stress comes in endless types of reactions and is different from employee to employee. According to Hitt, Miller, Colella in Organizational Behavior, stress is a feeling of tension that occurs when a person perceives that a situation is about to exceed her ability to cope and consequently could endanger their well-being. Job stress is the feeling that one’s capabilities, resources, or needs to not match the demands or requirements of the job. In today’s world everybody deals with some sortRead MoreCauses of Workplace Stress969 Words   |  4 PagesCauses of Workplace Stress There are many factors that can exacerbate the causes of stress in the workplace. The challenges faced by people in the workplace make the job more exciting and interesting. However, there are challenges that can also have negative effects. The normal reaction to stress is tension, anxiety and excitement and work-life goes back to normal after a while. If however, the stress becomes overwhelming or if it happens too often, there can be a problem getting back to the normalRead MoreStress in the Workplace Essay1426 Words   |  6 PagesStress in the workplace Stress in the workplace has become one of the increasingly popular topics of discussion over the last couple of decades. It has become a major concern among various organizations creating an impact on the management and operations of the organization. This paper will give a detailed definition of what stress in the workplace is and the most common causes of stress amongst both employers and employees. In the midst of investigating the causes of stress, I will give an outlineRead More Stress In The Workplace Essay562 Words   |  3 Pages Stress by definition is an interaction between individuals and any source of demand (stressor) within their environment. Employment can be an exciting challenge for many individuals; it can also be a tremendous source of stress. (Long, Bonita C.) Stress in the work place can cause many individuals harm emotionally and physically. Several reasons for the intense amounts of stress are; too many demands from co-workers, supervisors constantly breathing down your back, elevated noise levels in theRead MoreStress Management in the Workplace1100 Words   |  5 PagesPsychopathology in the Workplace 1 Week 2 Online Writing Assignment Consultant For Methodist Hospital: Stress Management Module Tomeka Flowers ORG 5270 University of the Rockies ORG 5270: Mental Health amp; Psychopathology in the Workplace 2 Week 2 Online Writing Assignment Abstract In recent months Methodist Hospital have developed a stress management program. The organization is struggling in their ability consistently manage the program. Though stress management program

History Unit 1 Edexcel Past Year Paper - 917 Words

January 2009 1. How far did Henry’s legal and financial reforms strengthen the power of the English monarchy? * Focus on key features of reform * Ensure balance given to both legal and judicial * Consider how important were these reforms in maintaining and expanding royal power, esp. after devolution of royal authority under Stephen Intro:- there was a necessity for reform (anarchy) -Briefly- Legal amp; financial reform -Themes: King as central authority strengthen his authority Why there was a need for reform? Body:- 2 parts : Legal reforms amp; financial reforms *LEGAL REFORMS – standardization : * writs * Legal procedure: henry attempted to formalize legal procedures, formed the 3 big assizes, by†¦show more content†¦2. How far do you agree that the weakness of royal finances was the main reason for the growth of opposition to King John? * What financial difficulties did John face, i.e. Richard’s ransom, loss of wealthy territory in France * At same time understand ability of England to generate large degrees of wealth, at expense of people; how did this, in turn, aggravate society? * Note that financial difficulties was not sole reason for the growth of opposition, took place alongside his personality problems, other flaws January 2011 1. To what extent did Henry strengthen the powers of the Crown in England? * Refer to instability caused by Anarchy; what were the problems, how did Henry address them. * Judge how successful was Henry in controlling England through the success of his reforms, and becoming Lord of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales * Balance against his poor showing against the Church 2. How important was the part played by Philip Augustus in the collapse of English power in France? * Philip’s ability to play son off father and brother off brother while he was weak * When in position of strength, and against weak king(John when Richard absent, and later dead), skilful military strategy * But note that his greatest conquests came during reign of John who was only a mildly successful military leader, and who had alienated allies. May 2011 1. To what extent was Becket responsible forShow MoreRelatedinformation based decision Essay3310 Words   |  14 PagesInformation Decision Making Assignment (Unit 5002) By: Author Tutor: Name Contents Introduction 2 Task 1 – The selection of information and data 3–4 Task 2 – The identification, analysis and evaluation of information and data 5–7 Task 3 – The presentation and communication of information and data 7–9 Bibliography 10 CMI Dip. In Leadership And Management L5, Module 5013, Assignment Introduction Information is data that has been processed so that it has meaningRead MoreEducation System in England7734 Words   |  31 Pagesincrease the quantity of available places. All four year olds are now promised a part-time place of five morning or afternoon sessions per week, and the government has set a target of providing a place for two thirds of three year olds by 2002. Downside The push to make more pre-school places available has prompted many primary schools to open nursery classes, offering parents a free place in classes that often become feeder classes to the first formal year of school. While this has benefited the budgetsRead MoreE T Level 4 CERT PORTFOLIO Anon27074 Words   |  109 Pagesï » ¿EDEXCEL EDUCATION TRAINING CERTIFICATE PORTFOLIO COURSE DATES: 2014/2015 APPROVED CENTRE: COURSE VENUE: VARIOUS COURSE TUTOR: CANDIDATE NAME: ENROLMENT No: Unit 1: Understanding Roles, Responsibilities and Relationships in Education and Training Unit reference number: H/505/0053 Unit 2: Planning to Meet the Needs of Learners in Education and Training Unit reference number: A/505/1189 Unit 3: Delivering Education and Training Unit reference number: M/505/1022 Unit 4: Assessing

Comparison Italy vs Spain in Crisis Free Essays

Comparison Spain vs. Italy Similarities * Left-centred coalition government * Member of the EU * Low birth rate * High immigration * Declining competitiveness * Latin, Mediterranean (used to take siestas), highly emotional citizens * High costs, low productivity firms (likely to be overtaken by Chinese competition) * Low spending on Ramp;D * Poor educational system Differences * Italy has a high black economy, Spain does not (tax deficits for Italy) * Spain: monarchy and democratic * Italy: republic Corruption percentage index (Italy: 6. 5 and Spain 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Italy vs Spain in Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now 8) * Unemployment rate (Italy: 10. 7% Spain: 25. 1%) How did Italy and Spain become struggling economies? Spain * Real estate crash Nearly every Spanish representative did heavily investments in the real estate market. So there was an illegal connection between reforms undertaken and unnecessary low interest rates concerning the housing sector in their own interest. Cajas, which are semi-public banks, are the most involved banks, which lenthuge amounts of money to the real estate sector. Those real estate companies went bankrupt. This was followed by a huge price increase of housing done by the cajas, since they needed to get their money back. * Increase in unemployment * Huge trade deficit (increasing oil prices, lack of resources) * High inflation rate (caused by real estate price increase and family indebtedness increase) Italy * High governmental debt (118% of GDP) * Very difficult to start businesses -gt; high bureaucracy and sluggish justice system * Very weak economy Weak investment, elderly population, poor regulations (-gt;less increase in productivity) * Very low annual growth rate (lower than the rate of interest it pays) -gt; causes a huge governmental debt * Due to a bad outlook and insecurities of Italy the interest rate increased tremendously for Italy * If nobody will lend to Italy, then Italy cannot repay its debts. And if Italy cannot repay its debts, then nobody will lend to it. (Vicious circle) What procedures did the government do to decrease the effects of the crisis? Italy * Monti tries to boost growth in Italy â‚ ¬10 billion of savings should be reinvested to boost growth * New policy: reduced tax to encourage firms to hire women and young workers * Full-scale liberalisation of shopping hours (to stimulate consumer spending) * â‚ ¬3. 8 billion for infrastructure projects (to attract FDI) Spain: * Restructuring Spain’s banking sector A lot of small and weak banks have had to merge by larger banks. This caused a job loss by 11% in this sector. Bankia, Spain’s fourth-largest bank is now part nationalised this caused a huge governmental money spending to save the bank. * Recession To get help from the market (borrowing funds) would be too cost intensive (high interest rates). So Spain had to ask for financial help at euro members. So far Spain does not want a full bailout or rescue, to avoid another increase in interest rates and close supervision of the Spanish finance system. So far the government decided for: a 12% average cut in ministerial spending, freeze in public sector pay for the third consecutive year, new independent authority to monitor government finances, increase in pensions, new 20% tax on lottery wins, new car scrappage scheme. Ms Saenz de Santamaria said that efforts to close the government’s deficit would focus more on spending-cuts than tax rises. * The only areas of spending to increase in 2013 would be pensions, student scholarships and interest payments. (to calm the Spanish citizen) * Government tries to reduce the deficit to 6. 3% of the GDP this year. * BUT, government said that tax revenues will be higher than budgeted for this year, so they are expected to increase by a further 3. 8% in 2013. Analysis – Spain * Since the big real estate bubble was mostly caused by the government and politicians, they also should help Spain to overcome the crisis. Spain’s rescue plan so far is to cut governmental spending and reduce taxes. This should stimulate consumer spending, which will help the market to get in a better flow again. At the other hand by requesting a potential bailout plan from the EU, Spain makes its citizens and its potential investors highly insecure. The potential bailout plan indicates that Spain is not able to overcome the crisis by itself and herewith no foreign investors and no loans out of the market with acceptable interest rates will be further available for Spain. At the moment Spain cannot come out of the crisis by itself. Due to this, help will be needed. As mentioned above, Spain already requested a potential bailout plan, which is not yet requested by the Spanish government, to prevent an increase in interest rates and a strict observation and regulation of the Spanish governmental actions. * It is inevitable that Spain quickly decides about a crisis plan, which should be strictly followed for the next years. * In my opinion Spain needs to use a bailout package to save its banking sector. By this action, the government would show its citizens, who are mostly unemployed and highly indebted, that it takes actions to get Spain out of the crisis. The government already tried to be more neoliberal by not intervening a lot and just helping the banking sector out by providing financial rescue help („lightâ€Å" bailout). This financial aid did not solve the problem in depth. At this point of time the Spanish population needs security provided by the government to become more active again. * It will be a difficult procedure to intervene with more cuts and reforms. Many reforms will touch the welfare state, such as pensions, education and health. * A further intervention would probably cause a further erosion of popular support for the EU and might lead to a formation of a new-formed government lead by technocrats. * BUT: Spain needs more jobs, to decrease its high unemployment rate. * To achieve that, the government should subsidize firms, which create jobs for Spanish citizens. Also Spanish government already took over its biggest bank, this could be a start to get control over important and big institutions, in connection with job creation. Spain should provide a mixture of private businesses, which receive subsidies if they create new jobs and state owned or partly owned firms to control the issue of unemployment better. * More employment and lower taxes would then stimulate the consumer spending, which would be followed by a highly stimulated and profitable economy. * Now it is the turn of the government to spend more and reduce taxes as long as the private sector is ready to take the economy forward (Keynesian theory) * If the Spanish economy and the market cools down FDI will continue to come in, which is also a positive fact. As far the market is not as ttractive for foreign investors, the government could also create subvention plans for them. * I am positive about Spain’s FDI future, since Spain is located in the gateway to the Mediterranean, North Africa and Latin America, its labour market provides young and qualified workers, so far the VAT and the Corporate Tax rebate system is relatively low in comparison to the other EU countries. (FDI is a very important source for Spain, it counts for 44% of its GDP, and 7% of employment) Analysis Italy * After Adam Smith every country should specialize in the sector where its competitive advantage is the biggest. But in the case of Spain and Italy there is no huge competitive advantage in a certain sector. So I would propose the theory of David Ricardo. He suggested focusing on a comparative advantage, which means that less efficient countries can still benefit from free trade if they export those products where they have the least productivity disadvantage. * In order to overcome governmental debt, the Italian government cut governmental spending, froze on public-salaries and stopped tax increases. * It also reformed the labour market to overcome the high unemployment rate. Those actions were all caused by the government, which leads to the assumption that the government holds the control over all future market actions. (Keynesian approach) * The Italian government also plans a new structure of the tax system that includes a greater level of control concerning tax evasion. The tax structure is going to be more growth friendly, which includes diverting income from the wealthy to the lower pai d citizen, this should increase the consumer spending. (Keynesian approach) -gt; Stimulating consumer spending leads to Porters Diamond Italy after 1945 again. The Demand Conditions, which were very sophisticated in Italy, should be improved again. * In April 2012, the government proposed a labour market reform. This reform needs to be adopted as soon as possible to overcome Italy? s competitive loss with trade partners. (-gt;Improve competitiveness) * The government also introduced fiscal incentives focusing on the employment of women (action on childcare and elderly care facilities). Elderly Italian women are forced to find work since the pensionable age will rise by five years between 2012 and 2018. -gt;Fostering employment) -gt;Factor Conditions after Porter Diamond * Another beneficial step for SMEs the government took is that companies can exclude the notional return on new injections of equity capital from taxable income. This will increase the size of firms of SMEs and investments in innovation. Italy? s economic strength lies in processing and manufacturing goods of SMEs. (-gt;Governmental investment and policies to increase the in ternational competition of Italy) -gt; Porter Diamond-Related Supporting Industries * The government also forms policies to financially help SMEs at their Ramp;D division. This will trigger firm- specific advantages, which can be useful for Italy? s USP at the global market. (New Trade Theory, Dunning) Bibliography Online Sources for Spain: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/business-16290598, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/business-17549970, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/business-19733995, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. ibtimes. com/can-mariano-rajoy-save-spain-its-financial-crisis-797237, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. telegraph. co. uk/finance/financialcrisis/9549245/Debt-crisis-politicians-drive-bank-union-but-markets-focus-on-Spain. html, retrieved 22. 10. 2 http://www. ft. com/cms/s/0/bad90798-07f4-11e2-9df2-00144feabdc0. html#axzz2AK2iKiR2, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://sizemoreletter. com/spains-new-austerity-plan-what-does-it-mean/, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. presstv. ir/detail/2012/09/02/259497/spain-calls-for-key-action-for-euro-crisis/, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. bloomberg. com/news/2012-07-24/spain-debt-costs-seen-unfounded-after-berlin-crisis-talks. html, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://www. economywatch. com/world_economy/sp ain/export-import. html, retrieved 22. 10. 12 http://ecfr. eu/content/entry/commentary_the_eurocrisis_a_spanish_perspective, retrieved 22. 10. 12 How to cite Comparison Italy vs Spain in Crisis, Papers

Ptsd Annotated Bibliography free essay sample

Some problems that soldiers face in not seeking treatment is that they think they can cope with the problem themselves, they think that others can’t help them, or some think the problem will just go away on its own, and also some are embarrassed to talk to someone else about the problems that they are facing. Some of the signs to watch for in someone returning from war are problems in their relationships, poor performance and attendance in school or work, and if they have thoughts of hurting someone or themselves. The earlier that treatment is sought, the easier it will be to prevent problems that could occur. Minear, Larry Larry, Bob Bob Patrick, and Richard Richard G. Lugar. Through Veterans Eyes, The Iraq And Afghanistan Experience. Potomac Books Inc, 2012. . On page 158 of this book it points out that a RAND report in 2008 found that an estimated 300,000 service personnel from Iraq and Afghanistan were suffering from PTSD or major depression. We will write a custom essay sample on Ptsd Annotated Bibliography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The RAND report also found that only about half of those affected had sought help, and out of those that did seek help about half of them received â€Å"minimally adequate treatment†. It is estimated that the cost of treating every one of the 300,000 PTSD cases is about $660 billion. PTSD is also linked to the doubling of the suicide rate of the personnel returning from Afghanistan and Iraq. Husted, Kristen risten N. , and Capella Capella University. School of Psychology. Rural Living Combat Veteransan Exploration On Issues With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder And Reintegration Post Combat-returning To A Small Town. ProQuest, 2008. . This was a study done about the difference of effects of PTSD on rural and non-rural veterans. The results indicate a significant difference in adjustment and symptoms of PTSD amongst rural combat veterans when compared to non-rural combat veterans. Second, the rural combat veterans’ perception of their reintegration experience is unique. Lastly, the rural combat veterans’ reintegration is process is perceived as significantly different than the non-combat veterans. War Crimes. Pro. Alex Simmons. Vanguard. Web. 8 July 2010 This documentary researched PTSD in veterans of Iraq by looking at the high rates of veterans of this war being in prison. They focused on two main cases, but talked about the growing amount. One was of a guy that was awaiting trial for murder of his girlfriend. She had been strangled to death. He had no recollection of doing anything, but he was believed to be the one that killed her. These cases of veterans blacking out are very common. They happen sometimes while sleeping and sometimes while the person is awake. Another case they looked at was a veteran that shot a guy that raped his girlfriend 6 times. He claims to only remember going over to the victim’s house and getting shoved. The next thing he remembered was coming to in an orange jumpsuit not knowing what had happened. Carlson, Eve, et al. United States. Iraq War Clinition Guide. Web. . Site N/A at this time.